\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{array,amsmath,mathptmx,xcolor,bbding,pifont,colortbl,amssymb}
\usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
% 只需要这个就可以
\usepackage[thicklines]{cancel}

% 可以设置线条颜色，默认是黑色
\usepackage{xcolor}
\renewcommand{\CancelColor}{\color{red}} 
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz,graphicx,subfig,caption} % Required for drawing custom shapes
\usetikzlibrary{fit,matrix,chains,arrows,shapes,positioning,arrows.meta,chains,shadows,shapes.callouts,decorations.text,shapes.symbols,shapes.misc, positioning,decorations.pathreplacing,calc}
% 图边框颜色
\arrayrulecolor{blue}
% 设置浅蓝色
\definecolor{lightblue1}{RGB}{175, 175, 237}
\definecolor{lightgreen1}{RGB}{226, 246, 186}
% 设定删除线颜色
\renewcommand{\CancelColor}{\color{red}}

\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,every node/.style={,inner sep=0}]
		
		%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
		\node[drop shadow, fill=white] at (5em,0) (SYNBL){
			\begin{tabular}[draw=red]{|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|} \hline
				%  行1
				& \color{blue}S & \color{blue}A & \color{blue}B & \color{blue}a & \color{blue}b & \color{blue}e  \\     \hline
				%  行2
				\color{blue}S & & & & & \color{blue}$=$ &    \\     \hline
				%  行3
				\color{blue}A & & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ &  \color{blue}$=$  \\     \hline
				%  行4
				\color{blue}B & & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ &    \\     \hline
				%  行5
				\color{blue}a & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$=$ & & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$    \\     \hline
				%  行6
				\color{blue}b & & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$   \\     \hline
				%  行7
				\color{blue}e & & & \color{blue}$=$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$   \\     \hline
			\end{tabular}
		};
		% 优先矩阵
		\node(word1) at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=4.8em]SYNBL.west) {\color{blue}(2)优先矩阵};
		\node [draw=black, rectangle, inner sep=0.2em,line width=0.0025em][fit=(word1)](box1){};
		
		% 字2
		\node(word2)[align=center ] at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-1em]SYNBL.west) {\color{blue}表项$=$空 \\ \color{blue}表示两个 \\ \color{blue}符号不可 \\ \color{blue}能相邻。};
		\node [draw=black, rectangle, inner sep=0.2em,line width=0.0025em][fit=(word2)](box2){};
		
		\node(point1) at ([xshift=6.35em,yshift=-2.5em]SYNBL.north) {\color{blue}.};
		\node(point2) at ([xshift=9.5em,yshift=-4.09em]SYNBL.north) {\color{blue}.};
		\node(point3) at ([xshift=-3.2em,yshift=-7.25em]SYNBL.north) {\color{blue}.};
		\node(point4) at ([xshift=0em,yshift=-10.45em]SYNBL.north) {\color{blue}.};
		
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}